We take our noise measurements with the sound meter positioned 1 foot from the graphics card. I measured the noise floor to be 32 dBA, thus anything above this level can be attributed to the graphics cards. The power supply is passive for the entire power output range we tested all graphics cards in, while all CPU and system fans were disabled. A reading under load comes from running Cyberpunk 2077 for 30 minutes.
Noise levels are very impressive as we have come to expect from Nvidia's Founders Edition designs. We saw the fans run at 1640rpm under load, a small increase over the 1560rpm speed we observed with the vanilla 4070. It was enough for our sound meter to detect a small increase in noise, but subjectively speaking they are both very quiet graphics cards.